Socio-ekološki model rizičnih i zaštitnih faktora u nasilju nad decom
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51738/kpolisa.2025.1r.004Ključne reči:
nasilje nad decom, zlostavljanje i zanemarivanje, rizični i zaštitni faktori, socio-ekološki modelApstrakt
Zaštita dece od zlostavljanja i zanemarivanja jedan je od osnovnih principa svakog društva. Svaki oblik nasilja nad decom dovodi do brojnih posledica koje utiču na sve aspekte njihovog života i određuju njihovo funkcionisanje u kasnijim fazama razvoja. Cilj ovog rada je da pruži pregled literature koja objašnjava rizične i zaštitne faktore nasilja nad decom, sa posebnim fokusom na socio-ekološki model. Ovaj model nudi multidimenzionalni okvir za razumevanje zlostavljanja dece, analizirajući kako individualni, porodični, zajednički i strukturalni faktori doprinose riziku od maltretiranja. Naglašava se da nasilje nad decom nije isključivo rezultat individualnih karakteristika roditelja ili dece, već posledica međusobne interakcije različitih sistema u kojima dete odrasta. Model posebno ističe značaj ispitivanja faktora zajednice i društva u oblikovanju detetovog okruženja. Kroz analizu dokumenata, komparativne metode, indukciju i dedukciju, istorijsku analizu i sintezu, rad prikazuje rezultate istraživanja koji demonstriraju značaj i međusobnu povezanost ovih faktora. Rezultati ukazuju na to da rizični i zaštitni faktori na nivou zajednice i društva igraju ključnu ulogu u razvoju efikasnih mera za prevenciju nasilja nad decom.
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