KULTURA POLISA

Data Privacy Protection, Perceived Financial Risk, and Trust in Artificial Intelligence as Determinants of Smart Device Brand Purchase Intention: The Moderating Role of Digital Literacy

Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The increasing integration of artificial intelligence into smart devices offers numerous benefits to consumers while simultaneously emphasizing the importance of the legal protection of data privacy and the security of personal information. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine the effects of perceived data privacy protection, perceived financial risk, and trust in artificial intelligence on consumers' purchase intention toward smart device brands. Furthermore, digital literacy is examined as a moderating variable in the relationships between all independent variables and purchase intention. The empirical study was conducted in Serbia in early 2026 using a structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 242 respondents. The proposed conceptual model was tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) implemented in SmartPLS 4. The findings confirmed that perceived effective legal protection of data privacy and trust in artificial intelligence exert statistically significant positive effects on consumers' purchase intention toward smart device brands, whereas perceived financial risk has a statistically significant negative effect. In addition, digital literacy was found to significantly moderate the relationships between data privacy protection, perceived financial risk, and trust in artificial intelligence, on the one hand, and purchase intention toward smart device brands, on the other. This study contributes to the literature by integrating legal, economic, and technological determinants into a unified consumer behavior framework and demonstrates that the establishment of a reliable legal framework for data privacy protection represents one of the key prerequisites for fostering consumer acceptance of artificial intelligence-based products.

Procedural Rhetoric of Restorative Justice in Video Games: Punishment, Forgiveness, Reparation, and Reintegration as Game Systems

Aleksandar Filipović, Marina Kovačević — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This paper explores the possibility that video games, through rules, decision-making systems, and
interaction mechanics, can procedurally model a restorative logic of justice rather than a recurring penal
logic organized around punishment, elimination, and victory through the defeat of an opponent. Drawing
on Ian Bogost’s concept of procedural rhetoric, the paper examines how video games convey meaning
not only through narrative, imagery, or dialogue, but also through the structure of rules that determines
what is possible, desirable, punishable, or morally relevant to the player. Within this framework, restorative
justice is understood as an approach that shifts attention from wrongdoing understood primarily as a
violation of law toward the harm caused to people, relationships, and communities, together with the
responsibilities arising from that harm. The central question is whether video games can procedurally
organize forms of justice based on recognition of harm, assumption of responsibility, empathic
understanding, reparation, and reintegration. Through a qualitative comparative analysis of Undertale,
Disco Elysium, This War of Mine, and Papers, Please, the paper examines how these dimensions become,
or fail to become, part of the rules, mechanics, consequence systems, and possibilities for player action.
The analysis distinguishes narrative restorativeness, in which restorative themes are represented at the
level of story and characterization, from procedural restorativeness, in which restorative principles become
relevant to actual gameplay decisions and their consequences. The paper argues that video games can
model restorative justice procedurally when recognition of harm, responsibility, empathic understanding,
reparation, and reintegration are incorporated into the designed possibility space rather than remaining
solely narrative themes. The analysis does not establish psychological or moral effects on players; rather,
it identifies a medium-specific capacity to organize justice as a system of relationships, consequences,
responsibilities, and possible restoration.

Contemporary Trends in the Digital Transformation of Sports Organizations as Business Entities

Milica Kastratovic, Милица Васић Гарић — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Digital transformation is one of the defining processes of contemporary society, affecting nearly every
sphere of economic, social, and legal life, including sport. Sport increasingly operates as part of the digital
economy and is developing into a professional and commercial activity in which technological innovation,
information technologies, and legal mechanisms play a decisive role. In sport, digital transformation entails
not merely the deployment of information technologies within existing processes, but also fundamental
changes to business models, organizational structures, and methods of value creation in the digital
environment. This paper analyzes contemporary trends in the digital transformation of sports organizations
as business entities, with particular emphasis on the legal framework of the Republic of Serbia and its
alignment with European and international standards. The research employs a qualitative methodological
approach, combining descriptive-analytical, normative, and comparative legal methods with case studies
of digital transformation in Serbian sports organizations. Particular attention is devoted to the legal and
organizational aspects of digital operations, including digital registries, electronic contracts, datamanagement systems, digital platforms for competition administration and audience engagement, and
the use of analytics in sports management. The analysis demonstrates that digital transformation promotes
professionalization, efficiency, and transparency within the sports system, while simultaneously raising challenges concerning data protection, cybersecurity, copyright, and ethics. The findings indicate that successful digital transformation of the sports sector requires an integrated approach linking technological
development, legal regulation, and organizational modernization, together with an active role for the state and sports institutions in aligning domestic practice with international standards.

The Evolution of the Public Notary Institute in Serbia: Historical and Legal Analysis of the Laws of 1930 and 2011

Marko Stankovic, Danijela Kovačević, Milica Stanković — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The Institute of Public Notary in the Republic of Serbia has existed for 15 years, and the Law on Public
Notaries has been in active use since September 1, 2014. year. Notaries continue to attract attention in
terms of their activities, types of notarial documents, as well as one of their most important activities, which
is the solemnization of non-public documents. The institute's justification in terms of legal security during
the solemnization of non-public documents and with the aim of obtaining guarantees that the courts could
not give in the period from 1945 to 2011, and which were most often manifested through uncertainty during
certification or double sale of real estate, etc., still causes the greatest attention. In the paper, the authors
will analyze the evolution of the current Law on Public Notaries from 2011 in relation to the previous Law
on Public Notaries from 1930 from a historical-legal context regarding the personality of the public notary,
activities, notarial documents, as well as the justification of today's institute in relation to the original public
notaries, with special reference to the period of non-existence of public notaries.

Violation of the Right to a Trial within a Reasonable Time as a Legal Basis for Compensation in the Form of Just Satisfaction

Nenad Stefanović, Dalibor Krstinić, Tanja Varađanin — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Article 6 of the Law on the Ratification of the European Convention for Human Rights and Fundamental
Freedoms from 2003 regulates the right to a fair trial within a reasonable time. In this way, this important
right was implemented in the legal system of the Republic of Serbia in the form of a constitutional principle,
which in Article 32 guarantees a "fair and within a reasonable time" trial. Accordingly, a legal remedy in
the form of a constitutional appeal for violation of the right to a trial within a reasonable time was introduced
into the legal system of the Republic of Serbia. The right to a trial within a reasonable time is a fundamental
and general democratic right, closely related to the right to effective legal protection, which again represents
the fundamental basis of the rule of law. The aim of the co-authors is to use adequate scientific methods,
primarily analytical and comparative, through the evaluation of current legislation and court practice, to
determine the degree of respect for this important principle and the right to compensation in case of
violation of this right, both in civil and criminal court proceedings. The authors will try to identify possible
problems in realizing the right to compensation for damages, and point out and suggest solutions that
would affect a more adequate application and correction, de lege ferenda.

Money Laundering in the Crypto Ecosystem: Implications for Organized Crime

Darko Marković — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The paper deals with the transformation of money laundering in the conditions of digitization of financial
flows, with special reference to the role of cryptocurrencies in the strategies of organized crime. Starting
from the classic three-phase model of placement, layering and integration, the ways in which the digital
ecosystem changes operational patterns, available instruments and possibilities to conceal the origin of
funds are analyzed. Cryptocurrencies introduce specific dynamics–speed, global reach, and pseudonymity
– that affect the risk perception of perpetrators and make institutional oversight more difficult, thus opening
up space for new typologies of financial crime. The aim of the paper is to show how traditional models of
money laundering adapt to the crypto-environment and what criminological implications arise from such
changes. Special emphasis is placed on understanding the relationship between technological innovation
and institutional capacity, as well as how the digital space affects the strategies of organized crime in
terms of covering tracks, moving funds and infiltrating legal flows. Methodologically, the work is based on
descriptive, analytical and comparative processing of relevant domestic and international sources, including
regulatory documents, reports of law enforcement institutions and available data on cases in which
cryptocurrencies were used for criminal purposes. This sets the framework for understanding contemporary
challenges in the fight against money laundering in the digital environment.

Liability Insurance for Environmental Damages

Jelena Šogorov Vučković — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

In the modern world, environmental pollution deserves more and more attention due to the undeniably
established harmful impact of humans on the environment. Therefore, damage that pollutes the
environment, unfortunately, is becoming more frequent and more destructive to nature. Such environmental
damage is often very large and difficult to compensate for, even when it is caused by large companies.
The paper will give an overview of these types of damages, and the possibility and obligation of liability
insurance for causing environmental damage (based on the provisions of the Law on Environmental
Protection and other positive legal regulations). The coverage of these damages in other types of insurance
(general liability insurance, and specific types of liability insurance from certain industries) will also be
observed, and conclusions will be made on what can be improved in terms of coverage and possible
expansion of insurance coverage. In the concluding considerations, the importance of this type of insurance
is shown, bearing in mind that the amounts that polluters have to pay due to such damages are usually
very large, and that they can jeopardize further business, and in exceptional cases lead to the bankruptcy
of the company that caused the damage.

Principle of Truth and Free Evaluation of Evidence in Administrative Procedure – Between Normative Formulation and Actual Application

Nada Živanović, Dejan Bukazić — Sat, 03 Oct 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Administrative procedure is the primary instrument for the exercise and protection of the rights and
obligations of parties in relation to public authorities, while the proper establishment of facts directly affects
the legality and fairness of decision-making. The paper analyzes the principle of truth and the free
evaluation of evidence, with particular emphasis on the relationship between the normative requirement
of fully establishing the facts and the limitations encountered in practice. Special attention is devoted to
the role of administrative authorities in obtaining and evaluating evidence, the rights of the parties,
proportionality, and judicial review. The aim of the paper is to identify the key problems in the application
of these principles and the possibilities for improving administrative practice.