THE IMPORTANCE OF LANGUAGE IN POLITICAL SCIENCES
Keywords:
language, methodology of political scieneces, lingua francaAbstract
After defining language as system of symbols, words and linguistic expressions, as well as the part of the culture, we pointed out the classification, and essential changes in many languages worldwide. Many contemporary languages can be classified to the spoken languages, languages in specific sciences (political sciences, economy, medicine, etc.), artificial languages(language of symbols, such as Esperanto or any programming language – Basic, Pascal, SQL,SPSS,C,Java, etc.)as well asa meta-language (more precisely in meaning of the statement).
In various languages in the world, many changes have been already happened such as: changes in the meaning of the words (democracy, profile),ordisappearance of some words, because specificpoliticalphenomena, process or services have disappeared (self-management organizations and communities, social ownership, floppy disk, etc.). Also, changes in languages are formation of new words and phrases regarding new politicalphenomena or processes (globalization, screening, monitoring, extremism), and most of those words are derived from the English language, often without translation to a particular language (computers, internet, communication). And finally, changes regarding linguistic typology, according different criteria – geography (localizm, dialects) occupation or education level. Due to geography criteria, English language can differ from standard American English, English at the universitiesOxford and Cambridge, Australian English, and cockney to the Indian English, African-AmericanEnglish, or jacket English.
In political sciences, as well in the methodology of political sciences, the language has great importance in determination of political process or phenomena, as well as their meaning and definition. Although there are problems related to the meaning of words and linguistic expressions in social and political sciences, some authors have clear and precise wording, such as SlobodanJovanovic,Henry Kissinger, Zbigniew Brzezinski, JosephNyeand others.
Throughout civilization, the language has reflected the distribution of power in the world. It is still consideredthat English language is lingua franca, the most popular language worldwide. However, it is estimated that the majority of worldpopulation will use other languagessuch as Chinese, Hindi, Spanish and Arabic by2050.According to estimateslinguist, there are approximately6,000existinglanguages but many languagesof small communitieswill rapidly disappear duringthe 21st century. Also, many countries havetaken certainmeasures to protecttheir languages, such as establishingthe Fund forendangeredlanguagesor the Foundation for EndangeredLanguages.
However, in the process of Serbia's EU accession, Serbian language includes many naturalizations (enlargement,comitology, screening, monitoring, etc.), and that can create even bigger problems, and certainly will not contribute to a better understanding and defining the terms in political and other social sciences. Beside, in political science there are many problems relating to the determination of the definition, meaning,and the implementation of several methods in the framework of the methodology of political science - comparative, statistical, and in particular, the data analysis.
In the Republic of Serbia, insufficiently efforts have made to preserve the Serbian language and alphabet. Several years ago a law on the official use of Serbian language and alphabet has been adopted, and several associations such as the National Council for Serbian language and alphabet, Serbian association "Cyrillic" and other advocates for the preservation of Serbian language, the official and public use of the Cyrillic alphabet. Also, in the Republic of Serbia has been adopted the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages where ten languageshave been alleged, such asAlbanian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Hungarian, Romanian, Slovak and others.
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