Criminal Association in International Criminal Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51738/Kpolisa2021.18.1r.1.02Keywords:
Criminal Association, law, international case, factsAbstract
The criminal association was a criminal offense of the Joint Plan and Conspiracy, or a special form of Crime against Peace, which was highlighted as such in the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials. In the recent practice of international criminal courts, this institute is used in a certain way, but its function is often subordinated to political abuses. By labeling certain political regimes as a “criminal association” by the so-called international political elites are provided with a wide margin of maneuver to justify their “humanitarian interventions” which are the consequence of a common criminal goal. From the middle of the 20th century until today, it is possible to identify violations of international law that occurred as a result of the activities of a criminal association, which continues with increased intensity. If the covert activities of real criminal associations continue, the main outcome will not be the achievement of world peace, but hegemony. In order to prevent this tendency, it is necessary to redefine the place of the Criminal Association in international criminal law, to point out the permanent cases of their actions, their subjects and the ways in which these same subjects avoid responsibility.
Downloads
References
Закон о потврђивању Римског статута Међународног кривичног суда, „Службени лист СРЈ – Међународни уговори”, бр. 5/2001.
Пантелић, Небојша. 2008. „Гнезда албанског екстремизма и тероризма на Косову и Метохији.” Политичка ревија XV (VII): 101–128.
Попадић, Јелена. 2016. „Како је Весли Кларк постао косовски рудар” Политика, 19. септембар.
Чомски, Ноам. 2008. Интервенције. Нови Сад: Рубикон.
Boas, Gideon, Bischoff, James, and Reid, Natalie. 2007. International Criminal Law Practitioner Library; Volume I: Forms of Responsibility in International Criminal Law. Cambridge: University Press.
Boister, Neil, and Cryer, Robert. 2008. Documents on the Tokyo International Military Tribunal: Charter, Indictment and Judgement. Oxford: University Press.
Charter of the International Military Tribunal [CIMT], 8.8.1945, p. 286–288.
Cunliffe, William. 2007. Select documents on Japanese war crimes and Japanese biological warfare, 1934–2006. Washington: National Archives and Records Administrator.
Ganzer, Danijele. 2018. Protivzakoniti ratovi: Kako zemlje NATO-a podrivaju Ujedinjene nacije. Beograd: Laguna.
Gold, Hal. 2003. Unit 731 Testimony. Boston: Tuttle Publishing.
Kearney, Michael. 2007. The Prohibition of Propaganda for War in International Law. Oxford: University Press.
Keiichi, Tsuneishi. 2005. „Unit 731 and the Japanese Imperial Army’s Biological Warfare Program.” The Asia-Pacific Journal III (11): 1–9.
Simpson, Gerry. 2004. Great Powers and Outlaw States: Unequal Soverigns in the International Order. Chambridge: University Press.
Special Proclamation Establishment of an International Military Tribunal for the Far East [SPEIMTFFE], 19.1.1946, p. 22.
International Military Tribunal [IMT]
Judgement Against Alfred Jodl of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against Alfred Rosenberg of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against Erich Raeder of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against Joahim fon Ribbentrop of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against Konstantin von Neurath of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against Rudolf Hess of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against Wilhelm Keitel of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against of General Staff and High Command 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against Gestapo and SD 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against The Leadership Corps of Nazi Party of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against The Reich Cabinet of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against SA of 1.October 1946.
Judgement Against SS of 1.October 1946.
International Military Tribunal for the Far East [IMTFE]
Judgement Against Iwane Matsui of 4. November 1948.
International Criminal Court for Rwanda [ICTR]
Prosecutor v. Bizimungu et al., Case No. ICTR-99-50-I, of 12. May 1999.
Prosecutor v.Gratien Kabiligi and Aloys Ntaboakuze, Case No. ICTR-97-34-I, of 31. July 1998.
Prosecutor v. Karamera et al., Case No. ICTR-98-44, of 23. February 2014.
International Criminal Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991 [ICTY],
Prosecutor v. Jadranko Prlic et al., Case No. IT-04-74-T, of 11. June 2008.
Prosecutor v. Mladen Naletelic (Tuta) and Vinko Martinovic (Stela), Case No. IT-98-34-PT-D21-2638-TER, 28. September 2001.
Prosecutor v Radovan Karadzic, Case No. IT-95-5/18-PT-D58/26342 TER, of 27. October 2009.
Prosecutor v. Rasim Delic, Case No. IT-04-83-PT-P-5248, of 14. July 2006.
