CITIZENSHIP, NATIONALISM AND THE CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRATIC STATE
Keywords:
modern state, citizenship, nationalism, liberalism, constitutional patriotismAbstract
Since the French Revolution, the principles of the Enlightenment which were based on the equal moral evaluation of all human beings and universally guaranteed rights clashed with the patriotic value of the special way of life of a community. Under the absolutist monarchy, the preconditions for the development of an individualistic civil society were created, and the modern state, breaking with the feudal order, legitimized itself as an enlightenment project based on universal human rights. At the same time, most modern states are nation-states which were pursuing policies that assimilated minority communities. Since the emergence of the modern state, nationalism has served as the connective tissue of individualistic civil society. In this paper, I answer the question of whether it is possible on a conceptual level to separate the state, citizenship and nationalism and to conceptualize loyalty to the state on rational grounds. Following the thesis that the connection between the modern state and nationalism is historically contingent, I analyze the possibility of loyalty based on rational and active citizenship and communication of citizens in the public sphere. One such answer would be based on the concept of constitutional patriotism, which deviates from the nationalist conception of citizenship while creating a unique loyalty of citizens to the polity.
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