Femicide and Criminal Law Reaction: Case-Law of the European Court of Human Rights
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51738/Kpolisa2022.19.2p.147kKeywords:
femicide, criminal law, domestic violence, European Court of Human RightsAbstract
In recent decades, the scientific and professional public have been intensively dealing with the phenomenon of femicide as the most extreme type of gender based violence. At the moment, it is indisputable that states have a number of complex obligations to which they must adequately respond when it comes to protecting women's lives. Thus, the question naturally arises as to what form of criminal law reaction requires the gender-motivated murder of a woman, and whether it is necessary to introduce a special incrimination that would refer exclusively to femicide. Having in mind the above, the paper is designed so that after some general considerations on the concept and nature of femicide, an analysis of the positive legal framework related to the murder of women in Serbia follows. Referring to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in cases related to state failures in the field of guaranteeing the right to life, the author concludes that adequate protection can also be achieved within the legal system that does not incriminate murder of women as a special crime femicide, but only if there is an effective system for preventing and sanctioning gender-based violence and discriminatory treatment of women. The normative dogmatic method has been applied with an analytical-synthetic approach, while the aim of the paper is to formulate recommendations for improving the legislative framework and practice.
Downloads
References
A. and B. v Georgia, no. 73795/16, § § 42-50, 10 February 2022. https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/fre#{%22tabview%22:[%22document%22],%22itemid%22:[%22001-215716%22]}
Andrić, S., & Milašinović, S. (2018). Nasilje nad ženama u porodici. Sociološki pregled, 52(3), 857-885. https://doi.org/10.5937/socpreg52-16351
Batrićević, A. (2016). Krivičnopravna reakcija na femicid. Temida, 19(3-4), 431–451. https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1604431B
Bjelajac, Ž., & Filipović, A. M. (2021). Specific Characteristics of Digital Violence and Digital Crime [Specifičnosti digitalnog nasilja i digitalnog kriminala]. Pravo – teorija i praksa, 38(4), 16–32.
Bjelajac, Ž., & Matijašević, J. (2013). Nasilјe kao oblik socio-patološkog ponašanja. Kultura polisa, 10(22), 409–425. https://kpolisa.com/index.php/kp/article/view/1278/1224
Civek v Turkey, no. 55354/11, 23 February 2016. https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-161171%22]}
Dawson, M. & Carrigan, N. (2021). Identifying Femicide Locally and Globally: Understanding the Utility and Accessibility of Sex/Gender-Related Motives and Indicators [Identifikovanje femicida lokalno i globalno: Razumevanje korisnosti i dostupnosti motiva i indikatora vezanih za pol/rod]. Current Sociology, 69(5), 682–704. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392120946359
Durmaz v Turkey, no. 3621/07, § §66-67, 13 November 2014. https://www.law.cornell.edu/women-andjustice/resource/the_case_of_durmaz_v_turkey
Grzyb, M., Marceline N., & Marcuello-Servós, C. (2018). Femicide definitions [Definicije femicida]. In S. Weil, C. Corradi, & M. Naudi (Eds.), Femicide across Europe, Theory, research and prevention (pp. 17–32). Policy Press.
Halime Kilic v Turkey, no. 63034/11, 28 June 2016. https://rm.coe.int/16806ebaa6
Jimmerson, J. (1990). Female infanticide in China: An examination of cultural and legal norms [Čedomorstvo žena u Kini: ispitivanje kulturnih i pravnih normi]. UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal, 8, 47–79.
Joseph, J. (2017). Victims of Femicide in Latin America: Legal and Criminal Justice Responses [Žrtve femicida u Latinskoj Americi: Zakonski i krivičnopravni odgovori]. Temida, 20(1), 3–21. https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1701003J
Konstantinović-Vilić, S. (2013). Femicid kao oblik rodno zasnovanog nasilja. Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu, 64, 33–52.
Konstantinović-Vilić, S., Petrušić, N., & Beker, K. (2019). Društveni i institucionalni odgovori na femicid u Srbiji I. Udruženje građanki FemPlatz.
Konstantinović-Vilić, S. & Petrušić, N. (2021). Pokušaj femicida i femicid u Srbiji: Sprečavanje i procesuiranje. Udruženje građanki FemPlatz.
Lubura, M. (2017). Pojam femicida i značaj njegovog pravnog regulisanja. Strani pravni život, 61(3), 115–130.
Mršević, Z. (2014). Medijsko izveštavanje o femicidu. Temida, 17(1), 81–96. https://doi.org/10.2298/TEM1401081M
Narodna skupština Republike Srbije [Narodna skupština]. (2005). Krivični zakonik. (Službeni glasnik Republike Srbije, br. 85/05, 107/05, 72/09, 111/09, 121/2012, 104/2013, 108/2014, 94/2016 i 35/2019). https://www.paragraf.rs/propisi/krivicni-zakonik-2019.html
Narodna skupština Republike Srbije [Narodna skupština]. (2013). Zakon o potvrđivanju Konvencije Saveta Evrope o sprečavanju i borbi protiv nasilja nad ženama i nasilja u porodici. [Law on Ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence] (Službeni glasnik Republike Srbije – Međunarodni ugovori, br. 12/2013). Pravno informacioni sistem. https://www.pravno-informacionisistem.rs/SlGlasnikPortal/eli/rep/mu/skupstina/zakon/2013/12/5/reg
Navpreet, K. & Roger, B. W. (2020). Bride burning: A unique and ongoing form of gender-based violence [Spaljivanje neveste: Jedinstveni i aktuelni oblik rodno zasnovanog nasilja]. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 75, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2020.102035
Presuda Apelacionog suda u Novom Sadu [ASNS], KŽ1-342/17 od 24. Aprila 2017. godine.
Russell, D. (2021). My Years Campaigning for the Term „Femicide“ [Moje godine kampanje za termin „femicid“]. Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence, 6(5), Article 6. https://doi.org/10.23860/dignity.2021.06.05.06
Talpis v. Italy, no. 41237/14, §101, 2 March 2017. https://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/media/pdf/article/ricerchegiuridiche/2017/2/art-10.14277-Rg-2281-6100-2017-02-001_soQ2GOC.pdf
Taylor, R. & and Jasinski, J. (2011). Femicide and the Feminist Perspective [Femicid i feministička perspektiva]. Homicide Studies, 15(4), 341–362.
The European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) (2021). Gender-based violence. Measuring femicide in the EU and internationally: an assessment. [Rodno zasnovano nasilje. Merenje femicida u EU i na međunarodnom nivou: procena.]. Publications Office of the European Union.
Weil, S. (2016). Making femicide visible [Učiniti femicid vidljivim]. Current Sociology, 64(7). 1124–1137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392115623602
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Milica Kovačević
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.