RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STATE FOR ESTABLISHING AND FUNCTIONING OF AN ANTI-TERRORIST SYSTEM

Abstract

Responsibility implies a relationship between the government subjects and their subordinates. It consists of „a feeling of obligation” (which makes the government officials to explain / justify their moves) and „implementation of the law” (which punishes bad or criminal conduct). It is often considered that the responsibility appears in two dimensions – a vertical and horizontal one. „Vertical” relationship between the citizens and states may be a formal one (within electoral system) and informal one (with help of some lobbies and public representatives of the association). „Horizontal” relationship implies existence of one public body of power which controls activities of another one – for example when a legislative body controlling executive bodies or in case that certain bodies of power (ombudsman, anti-corruptive organs) are authorized to investigate accusations for some criminal acts in general or in particular in the field of security. The security system is a model of organization and functioning of society and state established for purpose of implementation of preventive and repressive measures and activities related to preservation of sovereignty and integrity of the State, the state order that is designed by its Constitution, the rights and freedoms of its citizens as well as other social normative values – from all models and factors that do pose the danger or are endangered themselves, regardless of the place and time of emergence of such actions. Therefore, anti-terrorism is an activity encompassing all actions implemented by the state institutions and international organizations in their battle against terrorism. According to author of this paper, the State is responsible for establishing a security system as well as establishing and functioning of a specialized anti-terrorist system within the security system. In order to make this system efficient in functioning it is necessary first of all to define the antiterrorism. Therefore, the antiterrorism is a complex of measures, activities and moves implemented by the Organization of the United Nations and the state institutions on one state’s territory for purpose of timely and efficient and suppression of modern terrorism by implementation of a strategy of … and returning . The state bodies, being directly responsible for overall security of the state and its citizens should implement most effective measures against terrorism through these following moves: estimation of all potential factors of terrorism; timely and realistic estimation of the strength and real power of terrorist organization for purpose of timely informing of the public regarding the objectives and ways of acting of the terrorist organization toward civilians, so that the terrorist organization might experience accusations and disregard in both domestic and world audience. In addition to it, the state bodies should also effectively prevent a unified „act” of internal and external terrorism and make international estimation of international relations in the given moment of the terrorist act. These activities should gain their „concrete” realization in the form of proclamation of normative-legal; political-diplomatic; securityinformative; police/repressive and technical-technological, physical and fighting measures. Within the abovementioned model of the self-defense concept there are underlined in particular two sorts of measures: social-preventive and repressive measures that ought to be optimally transformed into an educative function.