POLEMICS WITHIN ORTHODOX CHRISTIAN THEORY OF SOCIETY ABOUT WAR AS MOST EXTREME FORM OF SOCIAL CONFLICT
Keywords:
War, Orthodox Christianity, polemics, justificationAbstract
In this paper authors are trying to explain specific elements of Orthodox Christian theory of Society in its relation to the war as the most extreme form of social conflict. It consists of an introduction, analysis of three significant polemics in the Orthodox Christian theory of the Society containing some important questions about the war and the Conclusion. In the Introduction, an analysis of the war as a social fact is presented, with a special attention to the Orthodox Christian attitude. Also, numerous relevant authors that dealt with the theme are listed. The second part - Is the war a situation which liberates the Christian of the duty „You shall not kill”, refers to the status of the murder in war from the position of the Orthodox Christian theory of Society. Some opposing arguments are presented, one of which considers murder as a sin, demanding repentance, and the other which considers murder in war as justified, even welcoming. In the third part – Polemics about the use of armed force between St. Cyril and the Arabs, polemics between St. Cyril (Constantin) and Arabs is given, explaining reasons why Christians should go to war, and their duty to love only their personal enemies, and not the enemies of God and His creation on Earth. At the fourth section - Polemics with Tolstoy`s pa-cifism, polemics between pacifism of Leo Tolstoy and numerous Russian thinkers is given. There is an explanation why in Orthodox Christian theory of Society pacifism must be rejected, enumerating reasons for justifying war with special emphasis on difference between Orthodox Christian tradition on one side, and Western theologi-cal and theoretical Roman Catholic and Protestant tradition stance on the other side. Special attention is dedicated to theoretical views of Ivan Ilyn. In the Conclusion of the paper it is explained why Orthodox Christian theory of Society contains mostly favorable attitude to the participating of the individual in war and that Christian do-gmas and canons present only limits for argumentations and frames for polemics, in this, for Christians, very complicated question such as a war is.
Downloads
References
Grozdić, Borislav (2010): „Nomokanon Svetog Save o ubistvu u ratu”, Theoria 4, (53). Београд, 87-104
А. А. Скворцов, „Этические проблемы войны в русской религиозной философии XX века”, Сектор этики Института философии РАН, Этическая мысль, Масква. 2001. https://iphras.ru/uplfile/root/biblio/em/em2/13.pdf
Babić, Jovan, (2018): Ogledi o odbrani, Službeni glasnik, Beograd
Bainton, Ronald (1995): Hrišćanski stavovi o ratu i miru, Alfa i Omega, Beograd
Berđajev, Nikolaj (1990): Filozofija nejednakosti, Mediteran – Oktoih, Beograd
Bogosavljević, Nikodim (2015): Humanizam, ekumenizam, pacifizam, Autor, Ribnica
Grozdić, Borislav (2001): Pravoslavlje i rat, NIC Vojska, Beograd
Grozdić, Borislav (2013): Sveti ratnici – žitija svetih vojskovođa i vojnika, MC Odbrana, Beograd
Zakonopravilo Svetoga Save na srpskoslovenskom i srpskom jeziku, 1, preveo i priredio M. M. Petrović, Eparhija žička – manastir Žiča, Manastir Žiča, 2004.
Iljin, Ivan, (2001): O suprotstavljanju zlu silom, Zepter Book World – NIC Vojska, Beograd
Kliment, Ohridski, Konstantin, Preslavski i nepoznati pisci, (1964): Ćirilo i Metodije, Žitija, službe, kanoni, pohvale, prir Đ. Trifunović, preveli I. Grickat, O. Nedeljković, Đ. Trifunović, SKZ, Beograd
Milaš, Nikodim (1895): Pravila Pravoslavne crkve s tumačenjima, I i II, Naklada knjižare A. Pajevića, Novi Sad
Mihalik, Mječislav (1976): Moral i rat, VIZ, Beograd
Полторацкий, Николај (2007): „И. А. Ильин и полемика вокруг его идей о сопротивлении злу силой”, И. А. Ильин, О сопротивлении злу силою, Про ет Цонтра: полемика вокруг идей И. А. Ильина о сопротивлении злу силой, АйрисПресс, Москва
Sv. Justin Filosof, Dijalog s Trifonom, 110; prema: Petrovskiй, dostupno na https://svetosavlje.org/humanizam-ekumenizam-pacifizam/18/
Solovjov, Vladimir (1989): Tri razgovora, Gradac, Čačak
Frank, Semjon (2004): Svelost u tami, Logos – Brimo, Beograd
Франк, Семјон (2005): „О поисках смисла војни”, Руские философи о војне, ур. И. С. Даниленко, Москва-Зуковскиј, Кучково поле, 2005, 404, 408.
Храповицки, Антоније (1916): „Хришћанска вера и рат”, „Пастырь и паства”, број 40/41.
Šijaković, Bogoljub (2017): „VARIA POLEMOLOGICA”, Pravoslavlje i rat, Zbornik radova, prir. B. Grozdić, IFDT Univerziteta u Beogradu i MC „Odbrana”, Beograd, 39-65
Orthodox Christian Perspectives on War, (2017): edited by Perry T Hamalis and Valerie A Karras, Univesity of Notre Dame Press, Notre Dame, Indiana
Lioy, Angelica (2006): „The Just War of Eastern Christians and the Holy War of the Crusaders”, The Ethics of War. Shared Problems in Different Traditions, ur. R. Sorabji & D. Rodin, Oxford, Routledge, , 30–43.
Stoyanov, Yuri (2009): „Norms of war in Eastern Orthodox Christianity”, World religions and norms of war, Popovski, Reichberg and Turner (eds), United Nations University Press, 166-218
Hippolyte de Rome, Les Canons, ed. R .G. Coquin, PO 31, fasc. 2, Paris 1966, 369; prema: Petrovskiй I., Otlučitь ili proslavitь?, dostupno na https://svetosavlje.org/humanizam-ekumenizam-pacifizam/18/, 7.9.2018.
Интернет извори
http://az.lib.ru/s/swencickij_w_p/text_0170_zadachi_dobrarmii.shtml
